án tích

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Criminal record: The official documentation of a person's history of convictions and sentences imposed by a court of law. It refers to the fact of having been legally found guilty of a crime.
   • Previous conviction: A specific instance of a past guilty verdict that forms part of a person's criminal record.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Người đó có án tích về tội trộm cắp. (That person has a criminal record for theft.)
  • Án tích có thể ảnh hưởng đến cơ hội tìm việc. (A criminal record can affect job-seeking opportunities.)
  • Luật sư đang xem xét án tích cũ của bị cáo. (The lawyer is reviewing the defendant's previous convictions.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is often used in legal and administrative contexts concerning background checks, sentencing, and eligibility for certain rights or jobs.
• "Có án tích": to have a criminal record.
  • Anh ta không được nhập cảnh vì có án tích. (He is not allowed to enter the country because he has a criminal record.)

Variants and Related Words

• Tiền án (n): Often used synonymously with "án tích" to mean criminal record or prior conviction.

  • Tiền án của bị cáo đã được đưa ra tại phiên tòa. (The defendant's prior conviction was presented at the trial.)

• Lý lịch tư pháp (n): Judicial record or police certificate, an official document that may state whether a person has an "án tích" or not.

  • Công ty yêu cầu nộp bản sao lý lịch tư pháp. (The company requires a copy of the judicial record.)

Synonyms

• Criminal record: The primary synonym.
• Prior conviction: A specific entry on a criminal record.
• Police record: A broader term that may include arrests and charges, not just convictions.

Related Legal Concepts

• Xóa án tích (v): To expunge or clear a criminal record.

  • Sau một thời gian, người phạm tội có thể làm đơn xin xóa án tích. (After a period, an offender can apply to have their criminal record expunged.)

• Án treo (n): Suspended sentence. This is different from "án tích," as it is a type of sentence, but if violated, it may lead to a conviction and an "án tích."

  • Bị cáo nhận án treo và không muốn có án tích. (The defendant received a suspended sentence and does not want a criminal record.)